Paints,
Plasters and primers (architectural coatings) can be applied to a
building's interior surfaces on-site. Most paints and primers contain
volatile organic compounds (VOCs). VOCs are common organic substances
that readily evaporate (usually at room temperature). VOCs hold the
paint in a liquid form, and, once applied, aid the paint in rapidly
drying from a liquid to a solid by an evaporation process known as
off-gassing. Off-gassing adversely affects indoor air quality, and may
continue for months or even years even though the paint or primer has
dried. A primary goal in the creation of healthy buildings is to
generally reduce the overall amount of VOCs.
These
coatings are of particular concern in urban areas because VOCs react in
the presence of sunlight to form smog and ground level ozone. Austin
has recently failed the Environmental Protection Agency's test for
ground level ozone, and may soon be declared an air quality
non-attainment area for exceeding the level of air pollution that is
considered harmful to the public's health. If this occurs, Austin will
lose its rights to all federal highway money that was previously
appropriated for the city. Low and no VOC paints are especially
important in areas deemed non-attainment for air quality by the
Environmental Protection Agency.
Low/no
VOC paints and primers offer slightly more coverage area per gallon
than higher VOC finishes because low/no VOC paints/primers contain more
of the finished product that stays on the wall, and less of the solvent
that evaporates off. The higher the solids content of the paint, the
more finished product it contains. The use of low and no VOC coatings
can mean big savings if vacating is not necessary and/or if applicators
can work during normal business hours. Non-toxic, low biocide, and
natural paints are significantly more expensive. Note that the cost of
labor far exceeds the cost of paint for the typical job. Also, the
added cost of using one of these recommended paints is insignificant in
comparison to the overall cost of the house.
Materials
that are considered more healthful have a broad-based appeal.
Chemically sensitive and other concerned individuals may consider using
products that are non-toxic and or low in biocides. One reason for the
popularity of natural-based paints is that the raw materials used to
create the coatings are renewable resources (ideally sustainably
harvested).
The
state of Texas recently eliminated the regulation of VOC levels in
paints due to the "paperwork and labor strain." The nationwide
regulated limit for VOC content is currently 250 grams per liter less
water. Lead is no longer allowed in interior paints. Though less
is always better, chemicals such as dioxin are not safe in any
quantity. In short, the issues and risks are generally not well
researched, documented, or understood in Texas. |